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INDONESIA
JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 14108917     EISSN : 25979914     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering
urnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi (p-ISSN: 1410-8917) and e-ISSN: 2597-9914) is published by Department of Chemistry, Diponegoro University. This journal is published four times per year and publishes research, review and short communication in field of Chemistry.
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Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 25, No 11 (2022): Volume 25 Issue 11 Year 2022" : 5 Documents clear
Optimization of Cellulase Production by Aspergillus niger InaCC F506 in Solid-State Fermentation of Tofu Dreg Talisia Kresna Shih; Agustina L. N. Aminin; Nies Suci Mulyani
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 25, No 11 (2022): Volume 25 Issue 11 Year 2022
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.25.11.419-426

Abstract

Indonesia has a growing demand for cellulase enzymes; however, 99% of the enzymes are imported from other countries. Aspergillus niger is well recognized for using the widely accessible tofu by-product, often known as tofu dreg, as a growth medium for synthesizing cellulase enzymes. This study aims to optimize the production of cellulase enzymes by Aspergillus niger InaCC F506 using tofu dregs as a substrate through the Solid-State Fermentation (SSF) method by varying the additives. The results showed that the E fermentation system with the composition of urea 0.5%; CMC 0.5%; KH2PO4 0.2%; MgSO4.7H2O 0.2% produced the highest cellulase enzymes from the tofu dregs substrate. The highest cellulase enzyme activity was at a fraction of ammonium sulfate saturation level of 40-60%. The optimum condition of enzyme activity was observed at pH 5 with an activity of 33 x 10-4 Units/mg protein and at 30℃ with an activity of 31 x 10-4 Units/mg protein.
Effect of pH on the Synthesis of Silica Sol-Gel Tetraethylorthosilicate-Trimethylchlorosilan (TEOS-TMCS) Artha Monica Andini; Choiril Azmiyawati; Adi Darmawan
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 25, No 11 (2022): Volume 25 Issue 11 Year 2022
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.25.11.394-398

Abstract

Sol-gel synthesis of silica employing the co-precursor trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) and the precursor tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) was accomplished. The purpose of this investigation was to ascertain how pH affected the properties of synthetic silica. The synthesized hydrophobic silica was characterized using FTIR, TGA, and GSA to determine the effect of pH adjustment on the functional group characters, thermal properties, and pore morphology. The ratio between TEOS/TMCS was fixed at 75:25 and varied the pH (4, 6, 7, 8, and 10) and the calcination temperature (without calcination, 300℃ and 500℃). FTIR analysis showed that the number of C-H and Si-OH groups in the xerogel decreased with increasing calcination temperature. Xerogel formed at pH 6 provides the highest thermal stability among other pHs. The results from the BET analysis revealed that changes in pH directly affect the physical characteristics of the surface, making the resulting gel network less rigid and more susceptible to shrinkage of pore volume and diameter in the atmosphere. Meanwhile, in an alkaline medium, continuous condensation will occur so that the pore diameter and volume decrease. The high pore diameter and volume imply that pH 7 is ideal for preparing xerogels.
Effect of Storage of Yellow Pigment from Halophilic Bacillus clausii J1G-0%B on Antioxidant Activity Galuh Dwi Arum; Mukhammad Asy'ari; Nies Suci Mulyani
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 25, No 11 (2022): Volume 25 Issue 11 Year 2022
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.25.11.399-404

Abstract

Oxidative stress is a state of excess free radicals in the body, which results in increased oxidation processes in the body’s cells and causes damage. In previous studies, one way to neutralize this situation was found, namely with halophilic bacteria. Halophilic bacteria can live at a salt content of 2% to 30%. These bacteria can produce various kinds of pigments for self-defense from extreme environments, which function as immunomodulatory compounds and have antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of the yellow pigment halophilic bacteria Bacillus clausii J1G-0%B using the DPPH method showed that the effect of light and air on antioxidant activity was 17.88% inhibition in the crude extract and 14.24% inhibition at 1600 ppm. Antioxidant activity decreased by 17.13% under the influence of air, 1.89% under the influence of light, and 28.58% under the influence of air and light. FTIR analysis under the influence of air experienced a decrease in the peak of the CO carbonyl group of 1739.29 cm-1 and an increase in the alkane C-H group of 1369.52 cm-1, while under the influence of light and open conditions, the carbonyl CO group experienced an increase of 1739.50 cm-1 and 1739.46 cm-1 and the increase in alkane C-H groups 1371.41 cm-1 and 1369.53 cm- 1.
The Effect of Cooking Treatment on Antioxidant Activity in Soybean Tempeh Yulianti Annisa Safitri; Agustina L. N. Aminin; Nies Suci Mulyani
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 25, No 11 (2022): Volume 25 Issue 11 Year 2022
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.25.11.405-411

Abstract

Indonesian people consume tempeh through various processing methods. Food processing by cooking has been reported to reduce the bioactive capacity contained in food ingredients. This study investigated the effects of food processing (frying, steaming, roasting, sautéing, and boiling) on antioxidants in soybean tempeh. The antioxidant activity of processed tempeh was measured using DPPH and reducing power methods. The results showed that the highest inhibition activity of the processed tempeh was achieved by roasting and boiling (40%). The roasting method yielded tempeh with the highest total phenolic and flavonoid content. Thus, the cooking method considerably influences the antioxidants contained in tempeh. The findings showed that tempeh processed through roasting and boiling has the highest antioxidant activity. The total phenolic and flavonoid profiles are not in line with antioxidant activity, which indicates that the contributors to antioxidant activity are not only phenolic compounds. The increase in antioxidant activity in soybean tempeh is suspected to be influenced by the non-phenolic bioactive peptide compounds found in tempeh.
Synthesis of Chitosan Derivative Compounds Through Chloroacetic Acid and Heparin Grafting and Their Application as Membrane Materials with Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Shihandhanu Primadian Taqwa; Muhammad Cholid Djunaidi; Retno Ariadi Lusiana
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 25, No 11 (2022): Volume 25 Issue 11 Year 2022
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.25.11.412-418

Abstract

A chitosan membrane modified with chloroacetic acid with heparin (hep) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been successfully prepared. Chitosan was modified with chloroacetic acid through a nucleophilic substitution reaction to form N-carboxyl methyl chitosan (N-CMC) and then combined with PVA. N-CMC/PVA grafting with heparin was conducted using the immersion method and produced N-CMC/PVA.g.Hep membrane. This study aims to obtain a membrane with the best chemical and physical characteristics and the highest creatinine transport. Membrane characterization includes water absorption test, tensile strength, thickness, biodegradation, resistance to pH, and transport of creatinine and vitamin B12. Chemical characterization of active groups and morphology using FTIR and SEM. The characterization results show that the reaction of grafting chitosan using chloroacetic acid produces N-carboxymethyl chitosan (N-CMC). The N-CMC/PVA membrane has a creatinine transport capacity of 19.61%. The N–CMC/PVA.g.Hep membrane has a creatinine transport capacity of 24.81%. Supporting PVA improves the hydrophilicity and mechanical strength of the membrane.

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